Science
The Milky Way’s Feeding Habits Reveal Dark Matter
Understanding these stellar streams is very important for astronomers. In addition to revealing the dark matter that keeps stars in orbit, they tell us about the Milky Way’s formation history, revealing that the Milky Way has grown steadily over billions of years by smashing and consuming smaller star systems.
“We see these streams being disrupted by the Milky Way’s gravity and eventually becoming part of the Milky Way. This study gives us a snapshot of the Milky Way’s feeding habits, such as which smaller star systems it ‘eats’. The galaxy is getting older and it is getting fatter,” said Ting Li, a professor at the University of Toronto and lead author of the paper.
Prof Li and her international team of collaborators have launched a dedicated project – the Southern Stellar Stream Spectroscopic Survey (S5) – to measure the properties of stellar streams: the torn remnants of nearby small galaxies and star clusters torn apart by ourselves the Milky Way.
Li and her team were the first scientists to study such a rich collection of stellar streams, using Australia’s 4-meter optical telescope, the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT), to measure the velocities of stars. Li and her team used the Doppler shift of light — the same property that radar guns use to catch speeding drivers — to find out how fast individual stars are moving.
Unlike previous studies that focused on just one stream at a time, “S5 aims to measure as many streams as possible, and we can do this very efficiently using the unique capabilities of the AAT,” commented co-author Professor Daniel Zucker from Macquarie University .
Complete News Source : Sciencedaily
health and remedies
Patterns of behaviour that emerge after trauma
Trauma is a deeply distressing or disturbing experience that can leave a lasting impact on a person’s mental and emotional health. It can result from a range of events, such as natural disasters, accidents, physical or emotional abuse, or military combat. Trauma can have a significant effect on a person’s behavior and can manifest in various ways. Here are some patterns of behavior that often emerge after trauma:
- Hyperarousal: After experiencing trauma, a person may feel constantly on edge, with heightened levels of anxiety and tension. This can manifest as irritability, restlessness, and difficulty sleeping.
- Avoidance: Trauma can also cause a person to avoid situations, people, or places that remind them of the traumatic experience. This can lead to social withdrawal, isolation, and a loss of interest in previously enjoyable activities.
- Emotional numbness: Trauma can cause a person to feel emotionally disconnected or numb, making it difficult for them to experience positive emotions such as joy or love.
- Hypervigilance: A person who has experienced trauma may be hyper-aware of their surroundings and perceive threats where none exist. This can lead to an increased sense of danger, which can trigger anxiety or panic attacks.
- Flashbacks: Trauma can cause a person to experience vivid and intrusive memories of the traumatic event. These flashbacks can be triggered by a range of stimuli, such as sights, sounds, or smells.
- Guilt and shame: Trauma can cause a person to experience feelings of guilt, shame, and self-blame. They may feel responsible for what happened to them, even when it was beyond their control.
- Substance abuse: Trauma can lead to the use of drugs or alcohol as a way of coping with difficult emotions. This can quickly become a self-destructive pattern of behavior that exacerbates the trauma.
It’s important to note that not everyone who experiences trauma will display all of these behaviors, and that each person’s response to trauma is unique. However, recognizing these patterns of behavior can help individuals and their loved ones identify when trauma may be a contributing factor to mental and emotional health challenges. Seeking professional support, such as therapy or counseling, can help individuals process their trauma and learn healthy coping mechanisms to manage their behavior.
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