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Malaria vaccines may improve with new information on naturally acquired immunity

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Malaria vaccines may improve with new information on naturally acquired immunity

Scientists all over the world are trying to understand malaria parasite infections to combat them. Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have taken an important step because they discovered an important difference between naturally acquired immunity and immunity after vaccination. The results of the study were published in the journal Nature Communications.

“The antibodies produced by the body when infected with malaria look different from the antibodies produced by the body when vaccinated. This may mean that when we are naturally infected, our immune system has a more effective response to malaria vaccine than when we are naturally infected,” Said Lars Hviid, a professor in the Department of Immunology and Microbiology.

The immune system can trigger various mechanisms to protect the body. The usual defenses against parasites, viruses and bacterial infections consist of so-called macrophages. “When we are attacked from the outside, the immune system produces antibodies that attach to foreign objects that need to be resisted. They are then recognized by small cells called macrophages, which are attracted by antibodies and eat bacteria or viruses. This is basically how immunity to most infectious diseases works,” Lars Hviid explained.

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However, now, researchers have found that immunity to malaria seems to be different. Here, the body’s immune system uses some other types of cells to fight against malaria parasite infections. “We found that antibodies look different, depending on whether you have been vaccinated or infected. This means that the body activates some other defense mechanism because it uses what we call natural killer cells,” Lars Hviid said. Researchers generally believe that natural killer cells are one of the body’s best weapons against cancer cells.

However, it now appears that the defense against malaria and the immune system against cancer have common characteristics. “In layman’s terms, you can say that the immune system’s defenses against malaria are more targeted than other typical infections. Maybe we evolved in this way because it is a contagious and deadly disease-it’s hard to guess. ,” Lars Hevid said.

The researchers made this finding by comparing blood samples from Ghanaians infected with malaria with blood samples from people participating in a phase 1 clinical trial of an experimental malaria vaccine. He explained that the new knowledge can be used to develop new and improved malaria vaccines.

“Our research points to new strategies for developing better malaria vaccines in the future. Because, now, we know how the body uses natural killer cells to mobilize defenses, and we can use vaccines to imitate them,” he said.

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News Source : Hindustan Times

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Stock market in red amid India’s diplomatic action against Pakistan

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Stock market in red amid India’s diplomatic action against Pakistan

The stock market opened in red on Thursday, with the Sensex trading below 187.91 points and the Nifty below 46.45 points. The 30-share Sensex rose by 520.90 points or 0.65% to settle at 80,116.49, the highest closing level since December 18. Eight of the 13 major sectors declined at the open, while the broader, more domestically focused small-caps and mid-caps traded flat.

Ajay Bagga, market expert, said that the overhang remains for the next 10 to 15 days, the time it took in the previous two instances from the terrorist strike to the retaliatory Uri and Balakot strikes. On Wednesday, stock markets extended their surge to the seventh day, with Sensex share jumping 520 points to close above 80,000 level for the first time in four months.

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The stock market closed in green for the 7th day on Wednesday, with the 30-share Sensex rising by 520.90 points or 0.65% to settle at 80,116.49, the highest closing level since December 18. During the day, it surged by 658.96 points or 0.82 per cent to 80,254.55. The NSE Nifty rallied 161.70 points or 0.67 per cent to 24,328.95. HCL Tech surged the most by 7.72 per.

Cent after posting an 8.1% increase in consolidated net profit at ₹4,307 crore for March quarter 2024-25, mainly on account of large deals with a total contract value of about ₹25,500 crore. Kotak Mahindra Bank, State Bank of India, Axis Bank, ITC, and UltraTech Cement were also among the laggards, according to PTI Both the Sensex and Nifty reversed their seven-day.

Uptrend and settled lower on Thursday, amid profit-taking and disappointing Q4 earnings of Hindustan Unilever. Selling in blue-chips ICICI Bank, Bharti Airtel, and a largely muted trend in Asian and European equities also dragged the markets down, PTI reported. In the past seven trading days, the BSE benchmark gauge zoomed 6,269.34 points or 8.48 per cent, and the Nifty.

jumped 1,929.8 points or 8.61 per cent ​Indian stock markets experienced significant declines on April 25, 2025, amid escalating geopolitical tensions with Pakistan following a deadly militant attack in Pahalgam, Kashmir, which resulted in 26 civilian deaths. The BSE Sensex fell by 1,195 points during intraday trading, closing 570.8 points lower at 79,227, while the NSE.

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The market downturn was driven by widespread losses across sectors, with 12 out of 13 major indices ending in the red. Broader markets were also affected, as mid-cap and small-cap Nifty50 dropped 207.3 points to settle at 24,039 indices declined over 2%. Investor sentiment was further dampened by India’s strong diplomatic response to the attack, which included.

suspending the Indus Waters Treaty, closing the Attari border crossing, and revoking visa privileges for Pakistani nationals The Indian rupee weakened, closing 0.2% lower at 85.45 against the U.S. dollar, influenced by month-end dollar demand and increased geopolitical uncertainty. Bond yields also rose, reflecting heightened risk aversion among investors

Analysts caution that the ongoing tensions between India and Pakistan could continue to impact market stability. While a full-scale conflict is considered unlikely, the situation remains fluid, and investors are advised to monitor developments closely In Pakistan, the Karachi Stock Exchange’s KSE-100 index fell by 2.12%, or 2,485.85 points, as investors reacted to India’s.

The United Nations has urged both nations to exercise restraint and resolve their differences through peaceful dialogue diplomatic measures and the suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty Indian stock markets slipped into the red on April 25, 2025, following India’s strong diplomatic actions against Pakistan after a deadly terrorist attack in Kashmir. The BSE Sensex.

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