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Malaria vaccines may improve with new information on naturally acquired immunity

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Malaria vaccines may improve with new information on naturally acquired immunity

Scientists all over the world are trying to understand malaria parasite infections to combat them. Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have taken an important step because they discovered an important difference between naturally acquired immunity and immunity after vaccination. The results of the study were published in the journal Nature Communications.

“The antibodies produced by the body when infected with malaria look different from the antibodies produced by the body when vaccinated. This may mean that when we are naturally infected, our immune system has a more effective response to malaria vaccine than when we are naturally infected,” Said Lars Hviid, a professor in the Department of Immunology and Microbiology.

The immune system can trigger various mechanisms to protect the body. The usual defenses against parasites, viruses and bacterial infections consist of so-called macrophages. “When we are attacked from the outside, the immune system produces antibodies that attach to foreign objects that need to be resisted. They are then recognized by small cells called macrophages, which are attracted by antibodies and eat bacteria or viruses. This is basically how immunity to most infectious diseases works,” Lars Hviid explained.

However, now, researchers have found that immunity to malaria seems to be different. Here, the body’s immune system uses some other types of cells to fight against malaria parasite infections. “We found that antibodies look different, depending on whether you have been vaccinated or infected. This means that the body activates some other defense mechanism because it uses what we call natural killer cells,” Lars Hviid said. Researchers generally believe that natural killer cells are one of the body’s best weapons against cancer cells.

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However, it now appears that the defense against malaria and the immune system against cancer have common characteristics. “In layman’s terms, you can say that the immune system’s defenses against malaria are more targeted than other typical infections. Maybe we evolved in this way because it is a contagious and deadly disease-it’s hard to guess. ,” Lars Hevid said.

The researchers made this finding by comparing blood samples from Ghanaians infected with malaria with blood samples from people participating in a phase 1 clinical trial of an experimental malaria vaccine. He explained that the new knowledge can be used to develop new and improved malaria vaccines.

“Our research points to new strategies for developing better malaria vaccines in the future. Because, now, we know how the body uses natural killer cells to mobilize defenses, and we can use vaccines to imitate them,” he said.

News Source : Hindustan Times

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Startups that use excerpts from their own pitch are sent legal notifications by Shark Tank India; the creator responds, “Kaise banega naya India?”

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Startups that use excerpts from their own pitch are sent legal notifications by Shark Tank India; the creator responds, “Kaise banega naya India?”

After getting a legal letter from Sony Pictures for copyright infringement, the subscription-based tea business Dorje Teas found itself in deep water for utilising footage from their own pitch on YouTube and Meta advertisements.

The founders of the subscription-based tea company Dorje Teas, Ishaan Kanoria and Sparsh Agarwal.

While many entrepreneurs, especially those with startups, have found transformation through the business reality TV series Shark Tank India, the narrative is slightly different for Dorje Teas, a subscription-based tea firm that ships organic and fresh-from-the-farm Darjeeling Tea to consumers throughout India. Sony Pictures Networks India slapped the firm with a legal notice, which has placed it in hot water.

Co-founder Sparsh Agarwal of the company, who brought Dorje Teas to Shark Tank India last year and raised funds of Rs 30 lakh for 15% equity from Anupam Mittal, Peyush Bansal, and Vineeta Singh, valued the business at Rs 2 crore, recently revealed on LinkedIn that they received a legal notice from Shark Tank India for utilising snippets of their own pitch.

Agarwal claims that they received a notification about copyright infringement for utilising these clips in YouTube and Meta advertisements. It appears that Sony Pictures has sent notice to other companies besides Dorje Teas. He said, “They’ve clamped down on every single startup that showed up on Shark Tank, so we’re not the only ones.”

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“I don’t understand why they would do this, even though I am aware of the copyright rules that justify it. After all, Dorje Teas and several other businesses, like Skippi, Assembly, Perfora, Hoovu Fresh, Beyond Snack, Wakao Foods, Nasher Miles, and many more, invest thousands of dollars each month to enhance Shark Tank content, which helps the Shark Tank India brand get free exposure and increase brand memory,” he continued.

Agarwal went on to call it a poor business choice that some executive or lawyer at Sony had made, adding that it “goes against the entire ethos of promoting small startups.”

Additionally, the focus of Shark Tank Season 3 has been on creating a new India and assisting the startup environment in India. “How will we construct a ‘new India’ in this manner?’” he questioned in a self-recorded video.

On social media, Agarwal was met with praise, while some contended that Sony’s actions were legitimate in theory. “Dear Sparsh, you must realise that ‘You are the content’ in this situation. You play a big part in content production. You posted the material that features you on your social media accounts (Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, and so on), but not on Sony’s. You might say that the traffic they were supposed to get was somehow redirected to them. A content strategist made the observation, “You are monetizing your social channels with the content they produce.”

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“The first person to provide a sneak peek in the content industry attracts greater attention. Furthermore, it’s possible that you agreed to sign a waiver giving them perpetual rights to the footage they shot. They said, “Verify your contract or try to recall signing any electronic documents on the filming locations that make this clear.

“You are investing lakhs of dollars to promote Shark Tank, while Shark Tank is investing billions of dollars to plan and publicise the programme that features your brand.” Simply alter your viewpoint, as another poster pointed out.

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