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Malaria vaccines may improve with new information on naturally acquired immunity
Scientists all over the world are trying to understand malaria parasite infections to combat them. Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have taken an important step because they discovered an important difference between naturally acquired immunity and immunity after vaccination. The results of the study were published in the journal Nature Communications.
“The antibodies produced by the body when infected with malaria look different from the antibodies produced by the body when vaccinated. This may mean that when we are naturally infected, our immune system has a more effective response to malaria vaccine than when we are naturally infected,” Said Lars Hviid, a professor in the Department of Immunology and Microbiology.
The immune system can trigger various mechanisms to protect the body. The usual defenses against parasites, viruses and bacterial infections consist of so-called macrophages. “When we are attacked from the outside, the immune system produces antibodies that attach to foreign objects that need to be resisted. They are then recognized by small cells called macrophages, which are attracted by antibodies and eat bacteria or viruses. This is basically how immunity to most infectious diseases works,” Lars Hviid explained.
However, now, researchers have found that immunity to malaria seems to be different. Here, the body’s immune system uses some other types of cells to fight against malaria parasite infections. “We found that antibodies look different, depending on whether you have been vaccinated or infected. This means that the body activates some other defense mechanism because it uses what we call natural killer cells,” Lars Hviid said. Researchers generally believe that natural killer cells are one of the body’s best weapons against cancer cells.
However, it now appears that the defense against malaria and the immune system against cancer have common characteristics. “In layman’s terms, you can say that the immune system’s defenses against malaria are more targeted than other typical infections. Maybe we evolved in this way because it is a contagious and deadly disease-it’s hard to guess. ,” Lars Hevid said.
The researchers made this finding by comparing blood samples from Ghanaians infected with malaria with blood samples from people participating in a phase 1 clinical trial of an experimental malaria vaccine. He explained that the new knowledge can be used to develop new and improved malaria vaccines.
“Our research points to new strategies for developing better malaria vaccines in the future. Because, now, we know how the body uses natural killer cells to mobilize defenses, and we can use vaccines to imitate them,” he said.
News Source : Hindustan Times
Haryana
Delhi Weather and AQI Today: Warm start at 22.05 °C, check weather forecast for October 22, 2024
Check the weather forecast and air quality updates for Delhi on October 22, 2024 here.
The temperature in Delhi today, on October 22, 2024, is 32.93 °C. The day’s forecast indicates a minimum and maximum temperature of 22.05 °C and 35.04 °C, respectively. The relative humidity is 26% and the wind speed is 26 km/h. The sun rose at 06:26 AM and will set at 05:44 PM.
Tomorrow, on Wednesday, October 23, 2024, Delhi is predicted to experience a minimum and maximum temperature of 27.42 °C and 34.91 °C, respectively. Tomorrow humidity levels will be at 20%.
With temperatures ranging between 22.05 °C and 35.04 °C, prepare for a hot day and plan outdoor activities accordingly. If you are sensitive to heat, take note of the weather forecast and consider appropriate attire and activities suitable for the prevailing weather.
The AQI in Delhi today stands at 334.0, falling in the very poor category. Everyone should be cautious. Children and people with respiratory diseases, such as asthma, should stay indoors and others should also limit their outdoor activities. Usage of masks and air purifying devices is advised. Being aware of the AQI helps one make informed decisions regarding one’s overall well-being while planning the day’s activities.
Weather and AQI predictions in Delhi for next 7 days:
Date Temperature Sky October 23, 2024 32.93 °C Sky is clear October 24, 2024 32.69 °C Sky is clear October 25, 2024 32.5 °C Sky is clear October 26, 2024 32.07 °C Sky is clear October 27, 2024 30.69 °C Sky is clear October 28, 2024 31.29 °C Sky is clear October 29, 2024 32.09 °C Sky is clear
Weather in other cities on October 22, 2024
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