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Water from Earth’s atmosphere could be used in NASA’s eventual Moon Base

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Water from Earth’s atmosphere could be used in NASA’s eventual Moon Base

NASA has announced plans to send several astronauts to the moon in 2025 to construct the first-ever lunar science base. As ambitious as this may sound, there is one thing that must be accomplished before this dream can be realised. Water!

Astronauts require water to be comfortable in any sci-fi extraterrestrial space station. Researchers claim that there may be a lot more water on the moon than we think, according to a paper published in the journal Scientific Reports. Surprisingly, they believe that this water comes from the Earth.

“As NASA’s Artemis team plans to build a base camp on the moon’s south pole, water ions that originated many aeons ago on Earth can be used in the astronauts’ life support system,” says Gunter Kletetschka, the study’s lead author.

According to NASA, construction of Artemis’ moon base camps will begin at the lunar south pole, where scientists have discovered a large amount of frozen water beneath the surface.

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According to new research based on existing lunar gravitational data, there could be an additional 3,500 cubic kilometres of water at the lunar poles. This is almost the same amount of water as Lake Huron in North America, the world’s eighth largest lake.

Researchers believe that hydrogen and oxygen ions from Earth’s upper atmosphere may have fallen into the lunar surface at some point in the past and were repelled into the moon.

Notably, because the moon lacks its own magnetosphere, it would be unable to repel these particles back to Earth. As a result, it had no choice but to accept them on the surface.

Furthermore, these ions may have mixed to form lunar permafrost, which then went through a series of geological processes, causing the frost to sink below the lunar surface. This frost may have turned into liquid water over time.

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If confirmed, this massive water supply could be a huge help to NASA’s Artemis mission.

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Patterns of behaviour that emerge after trauma

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Patterns of behaviour that emerge after trauma

Trauma is a deeply distressing or disturbing experience that can leave a lasting impact on a person’s mental and emotional health. It can result from a range of events, such as natural disasters, accidents, physical or emotional abuse, or military combat. Trauma can have a significant effect on a person’s behavior and can manifest in various ways. Here are some patterns of behavior that often emerge after trauma:

  1. Hyperarousal: After experiencing trauma, a person may feel constantly on edge, with heightened levels of anxiety and tension. This can manifest as irritability, restlessness, and difficulty sleeping.
  2. Avoidance: Trauma can also cause a person to avoid situations, people, or places that remind them of the traumatic experience. This can lead to social withdrawal, isolation, and a loss of interest in previously enjoyable activities.
  3. Emotional numbness: Trauma can cause a person to feel emotionally disconnected or numb, making it difficult for them to experience positive emotions such as joy or love.
  4. Hypervigilance: A person who has experienced trauma may be hyper-aware of their surroundings and perceive threats where none exist. This can lead to an increased sense of danger, which can trigger anxiety or panic attacks.
  5. Flashbacks: Trauma can cause a person to experience vivid and intrusive memories of the traumatic event. These flashbacks can be triggered by a range of stimuli, such as sights, sounds, or smells.
  6. Guilt and shame: Trauma can cause a person to experience feelings of guilt, shame, and self-blame. They may feel responsible for what happened to them, even when it was beyond their control.
  7. Substance abuse: Trauma can lead to the use of drugs or alcohol as a way of coping with difficult emotions. This can quickly become a self-destructive pattern of behavior that exacerbates the trauma.

It’s important to note that not everyone who experiences trauma will display all of these behaviors, and that each person’s response to trauma is unique. However, recognizing these patterns of behavior can help individuals and their loved ones identify when trauma may be a contributing factor to mental and emotional health challenges. Seeking professional support, such as therapy or counseling, can help individuals process their trauma and learn healthy coping mechanisms to manage their behavior.

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