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2022 Newborn Screening (NBS) Awareness Month: India Currently Offers Test

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2022 Newborn Screening (NBS) Awareness Month: India Currently Offers Test

It might be difficult for paediatricians to make an early diagnosis of inborn metabolic errors (IEM) because the majority of these illnesses have no symptoms when a baby is first born. The majority of IEM instances are discovered a few days or even a few years after birth, by which point the brain has already suffered irreparable damage that puts the patient’s life in danger or has caused additional disabilities.

The most crucial test to identify these conditions early is newborn screening (NBS), which allows for early intervention and therapy for the kid. This article will tell you everything you need to know about the newborn screening tests that are now available in India, the state of newborn screening testing there, and any potential future trends. September is Newborn Screening Awareness Month.

India’s current newborn screening test options

Dr. Suresh Birajdar, a neonatologist and paediatrician at Motherhood Hospital in Kharghar, stated in an interview with HT Lifestyle that “the screening is done before babies are discharged from the hospital, or shortly after birth. The disorders that are examined during newborn screening have a history of seriously affecting children’s or infants’ health. Physical and intellectual problems can be avoided by identifying these disorders quickly and treating them. When it comes to metabolic and genetic abnormalities, newborn screening (NBS) is crucial since early diagnosis and treatment can help to avert both physical and mental impairments as well as life-threatening illnesses.

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In response to a question about the procedure in our nation, he stated, “In India, newborn screening is done to determine whether the child has any issues, such as hearing loss, congenital hypothyroidism, congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, and a few other metabolic conditions. If not treated before the age of six months, congenital hearing loss is a serious disorder that can affect speech and hearing permanently. Another frequent condition in infants and one of the preventable causes of intellectual impairment is congenital hypothyroidism.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia can result in mortality, morbidity, or genital abnormalities if it is not diagnosed at birth, the doctor warned. In our nation, G6PD deficiency is a frequent illness that can lead to anaemia and jaundice in youngsters. The newborns should also be screened for diseases like phenylketonuria, homocystinuria, alkaptonuria, galactosemia, sickle cell anaemia, hemoglobinopathies, heart issues, mucopolysaccharidosis type 1, severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), cystic fibrosis, biotinidase deficiency, maple syrup urine disease, medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogen

Dr. Suresh Birajdar elaborated, “After allowing the paper to dry, it is sent to the laboratory, where numerous different newborn screening tests are performed, explaining that newborn screening is a blood test that requires a few drops of blood to be collected on a special filter paper by pricking the heel of the child. Tandem mass spectrometry is the name of the technique utilised to conduct these tests. The baby is unharmed as a result of the heel poke. Each baby receives a lancet, a specialist needle, and there is no chance of infection. Through screening, more than 100 metabolic and genetic disorders can be found.

India’s newborn screening programme is currently inactive.

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Dr. Suresh Birajdar noted that congenital cardiac disorders and genetic anomalies are more common in infants and added, “Due to parents’ increased awareness about NBS, they are not skipping the tests as they are proactive when it comes to the child’s health. Now that hospitals and doctors are advising couples about screening to find various health risks in the babies, NBS has become a priority. Along with India, NBS is successful in many other nations, thus parents should be urged to choose the screening option for their newborns. The NBS is in demand because infants are having more metabolic, endocrine, genetic, and haemoglobin issues.

Indian new-born screening test trends to watch

If not identified and treated in a timely manner, inborn metabolic errors, or IEM, can be harmful and even fatal. IEM cause physical issues and damage to the brain. Even if a kid has a disease, there is a chance that they won’t exhibit any symptoms of it when they are delivered, according to Dr. Suresh Birajdar. In contrast, NBS can identify and identify these problems at birth and assist the child in leading a healthy life. Amino acid disorders, fatty acid disorders, organic acid disorders, endocrine diseases, and haemoglobin problems are all testable by NBS.

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How to stay fit during Diwali 2024: Diet tips, easy workouts, tricks to manage stress during the festive season

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How to stay fit during Diwali 2024: Diet tips, easy workouts, tricks to manage stress during the festive season

Staying on track with your fitness goals during Diwali season can be challenging. These expert-recommended tips can help you stay active amid the festivities.

Diwali 2024: How can you stop feeling bloated, tired, and stressed out during the festive season? What should you eat at Diwali parties? How can you stay fit and look your best? If you, too, are wondering how to stay healthy during the festive season and control your calorie intake while also eating and doing what you want, you have come to the right place. Also read | Dussehra to Diwali holiday health tips: Stress management during the festive rush

Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their health routines during the festive season. But you can make things different this year. All that eating and socialising does not have to set you back on your fitness goals. 

To help keep you on track, we’ve enlisted the aid of leading experts in health, fitness and nutrition for some much-needed advice. If you tend to get a little anxious around the festive season, don’t miss these simple tips and tricks to follow:

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Nutrition and diet tips for Diwali festivities

Payal Kothari, nutritionist and author of The Gut, has shared with HT Lifestyle her tips on how to enjoy Diwali parties without compromising gut health. She says, “The festive season is filled with irresistible treats and family gatherings, but it doesn’t mean you have to compromise on your health goals.”

She suggests opting for healthier alternatives without missing out on the joy of eating; but the key word there is balance. “Choose nutrient-dense snacks like roasted nuts, baked samosas, and fresh fruit platters over fried foods. Moderation is key — enjoy your sweets, but keep portion sizes in check,” Payal says.

Dr Kiran Soni, head of the department of Nutrition and Health at Yatharth Hospitals Greater Noida, adds that to maintain health and fitness during Diwali, you should focus on portion control rather than completely rejecting your favourite dishes.

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“Fill your plate primarily with vegetables and lean proteins, leaving smaller portions for sweets and fried items. Stay hydrated; when attending parties, eat a small protein-rich snack beforehand to avoid overindulging,” she says.

Another one of your non-negotiables this festive season should be staying hydrated. Payal says, “Focus on staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water, herbal teas, and infused water to flush out toxins and curb overeating. Drink soup at home if you can, and then head out, or eat a small protein meal before heading out.”

Easy workouts to fit into your festive schedule

It’s not easy to fit in your workouts during the festive season, but even if exercise isn’t quite your top priority during the month of October, you can still move to stay active. Dr Soni says, “Maintaining physical activity is crucial during the festive season. Aim for short, high-intensity workouts when time is limited. Consider morning yoga or stretching sessions to energize your day. Take walks after heavy meals to aid digestion and burn calories.”

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Payal recommends short, effective workouts, such as a 15-20-minute HIIT session, 20-30 burpees yoga stretches, or even a brisk walk. She says, “If you’re attending family gatherings or parties, use the opportunity to stay active—dance during celebrations. Being the first one to initiate the moves on the dance floor can help digest the extra food and burn those calories. Or go for a walk with your loved ones. Even 10 minutes of stretching in the morning can improve your energy levels and help you feel your best.”

How to manage stress during the festive season

Diwali season can bring a lot of stress and strain on your mental health, ranging from mild annoyances to the types of anxieties that keep you up at night. And as you probably know, exercise is a great way to relieve all of that. Another truth: what you eat matters too.

Payal suggests adding mood-boosting and stress-relieving foods to your diet, like dark leafy greens, almonds, and foods rich in Omega-3s, such as chia seeds and flaxseeds. She says, “Soups are great for gut-brain health.”

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Dr Soni adds, “Managing stress is essential for overall well-being during busy festive periods. Incorporate stress-reducing foods into your diet, such as foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids (like fatty fish, walnuts, and flaxseeds), complex carbohydrates (whole grains, vegetables), and magnesium-rich foods (leafy greens, legumes). Prioritise sleep and maintain a consistent sleep schedule as much as possible.”

Other coping mechanisms? “Practise mindfulness by incorporating short meditation or deep breathing exercises into your day, even if it’s just for five minutes. Prioritise quality sleep, and try to set aside a few moments of ‘me time’ to recharge. By making these small adjustments, you can enjoy the festivities guilt-free while maintaining a balance between health and celebration,” Payal says.

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