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Nasa’s Perseverance makes ‘unexpected’ discovery about volcanic lava on Mars

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Nasa’s Perseverance makes ‘unexpected’ discovery about volcanic lava on Mars

The Perseverance rover sent by NASA to explore the surface of Mars has made an amazing discovery. The latest findings of the rover indicate that the bedrock it has been traveling on since landing 10 months ago is made of volcanic lava.

NASA scientists in charge of the mission said the discovery was “completely unexpected.” So far, scientists believe that the layered rocks photographed by Perseverance are sedimentary rocks.

NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) stated that this discovery has the potential to accurately date key events in the history of the Red Planet.

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It also stated that the rocks in the Jezero Crater discovered by Perseverance interacted with water many times, adding that some rocks even contained organic molecules.

The findings were announced at a press conference at the American Geophysical Union Fall Science Conference in New Orleans.

Scientists have always wanted to know the composition of rocks found on the surface of Mars. Ken Farley, a Perseverance project scientist at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, California, said: “Crystals in the rock provide conclusive evidence.” To understand the composition of the rock, Perseverance collected samples using a drill bit mounted on its robotic arm. The drill bit can grind or abrade the surface of the rock to allow other instruments (such as the Planetary Instrument for X-ray Rock Chemistry (PIXL)) to map the elemental composition of the rock.

One such sample taken on November 23 showed that the rock contained unusually rich olivine crystals, which were swallowed by pyroxene crystals.

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“A good geology student will tell you that such textures indicate the rocks that form when crystals grow and settle in slowly cooling magma-such as thick lava flows, lava lakes or magma chambers,” Farley said.

Since landing, the Perseverance rover has been exploring an area of ​​4 square kilometers at the bottom of Jezero Crater, looking for an interesting scientifically significant target to collect Martian rocks. The rover carries more than three dozen titanium tubes to collect samples. Scientists have determined that Jezero Crater is an ancient lake bed that has gradually dried up as the climate changes on this red planet. They sent perseverance to collect rocks from the crater, because the evidence of life on earth is usually preserved in the sand deposited on the bottom of the lake.

Earlier this year, the Perseverance rover landed on Jezero Crate. It carried the Ingenuity helicopter and became the first aircraft to fly on Mars with its own propulsion system. So far, this helicopter has completed 15 interviews.

Complete News Source : Hindustan Times

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Bollywood

Kareena Kapoor chuckles at Jeh’s antics while sharing pictures of Taimur during a skiing trip in Switzerland.

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Kareena Kapoor chuckles at Jeh’s antics while sharing pictures of Taimur during a skiing trip in Switzerland.

Kareena Kapoor is enjoying her vacation in Switzerland with her husband, Saif Ali Khan, sons Taimur and Jeh, sharing photos from their skiing session on Instagram. Taimur, dressed in a red and green outfit, stands outdoors wearing ski gear, captioned by Kareena with a red heart and laughing emojis and a star emoji.

Kareena and Saif Ali Khan surprised their sons with special gifts during Christmas, sharing a glimpse of her international celebrations on Instagram. Kareena and Saif, who worked together in LOC Kargil and Omkara, fell in love on the 2008 film Tashan. They have two sons, Tamir and Jeh, and two children.

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Kareena appeared in Rohit Shetty’s action film, Singham Again, alongside Ajay Devgn, Akshay Kumar, Ranveer Singh, Tiger Shroff, Deepika Padukone, Arjun Kapoor, and Jackie Shroff.

Kareena Kapoor, the Bollywood actress known for her charismatic presence both on and off the screen, recently shared a heartwarming glimpse into her family vacation with her sons Taimur and Jeh during their skiing trip to Switzerland. Kareena, who frequently delights her fans with pictures of her family, posted some adorable snapshots that captured her son Taimur’s fun-filled moments on the snowy slopes.

The pictures, which were shared on her social media, show Taimur happily skiing and enjoying his time in the picturesque Swiss Alps. Fans were quick to notice his growing sense of independence and adventure as he took on the slopes with enthusiasm. As the firstborn of Kareena and Saif Ali Khan, Taimur has often been in the public eye since his birth, and his fans love to keep up with his activities and milestones.

However, it wasn’t just Taimur who stole the spotlight in Kareena’s recent post. The actress also shared a few candid moments featuring her younger son, Jeh. In one of the photos, Jeh is seen playfully enjoying his time in the snow, and Kareena can be heard chuckling in the background at his antics.

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The playful interactions between mother and son were endearing, and Kareena’s affectionate laughter resonated with her followers, who were quick to comment on how sweet it was to see such a joyful family moment.

Kareena’s captions further added to the charm of the post, as she wrote about how skiing was not just an adventure for Taimur but also a bonding experience for the entire family. While Taimur was embracing the thrill of skiing,

Jeh was content with his little snow games, and Kareena couldn’t help but laugh at the amusing and often unpredictable nature of family vacations with young children. Her playful comments Taimur and Jeh away from the hustle andabout Jeh’s quirky behavior added a light-hearted touch to the post, making her followers feel connected to her and her family.

The scenic backdrop of Switzerland added an enchanting layer to the beautiful pictures. With snow-capped mountains and picturesque landscapes, the family seemed to be having the perfect winter getaway. Kareena, known for her love for travel, has often shared snippets of her vacations with her followers, and this trip to Switzerland was no different. Fans were overjoyed to see the Kapoor family creating new memories together.

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Beyond just a fun-filled family vacation, the skiing trip also highlighted Kareena’s bond with her children. As a busy actress who juggles her career and family life, Kareena has always emphasized the importance of spending quality time with her loved ones. This trip was no exception, as she used the opportunity to bond with Taimur and Jeh away from the hustle and bustle of their daily lives.

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