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Explained: Why Tonga volcano eruption was so big and what’s next

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Explained: Why Tonga volcano eruption was so big and what’s next

People around the world watched in awe at satellite images of spectacular underwater volcanoes erupting in giant mushroom clouds in the Pacific Ocean. Many wondered why the explosion was so large, how the resulting tsunami traveled so far, and what happened next. Shane Cronin, a New Zealand scientist and professor of volcanology at the University of Auckland, and Emily Lane, a tsunami expert at the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, helped explain. explosive but brief

Saturday’s eruption was incredibly explosive, but also relatively short-lived. The plume rose more than 30 kilometers (19 miles) into the air, but the eruption only lasted about 10 minutes, unlike some larger eruptions that can last for hours. Cronin said Hunga Tonga’s Hungaha Apai eruption was one of the largest in the world in the past 30 years, with heights of ash, steam and gas comparable to the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo. Philippines, killing hundreds.

Why is it so big?

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The magma inside the volcano is under enormous pressure and contains gas. Cracks in the rock can cause a sudden drop in pressure that expands the gas and blasts the magma. Cronin said the crater is located about 200 meters (650 feet) below the surface of the sea, a kind of Goldilocks depth for a big bang, where sea water pours into the volcano and turns into steam immediately, adding to the explosion’s rapid expansion and energy. Anything Both deeper and extra water pressure will help control the eruption. Farflung Tsunami

To the surprise of many scientists, a single eruption could have produced a Pacific tsunami of about 1 meter (3 feet) that destroyed ships in New Zealand and caused an oil spill and two drownings in Peru. Oceanwide tsunamis are typically triggered by earthquakes that span large areas, rather than a single volcano, essentially a small point in the ocean, Lane said. She said there may be other factors at play, such as the collapse of the volcano’s underwater flank and displacing water. One interesting theory, she said, is that a shock wave, or sonic boom, from the volcano, which circled the world twice, may have injected more energy into the tsunami wave.

Complete News Source : Hindustan Times

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US vice president JD Vance, wife Usha and kids visit Jaipur’s iconic Amber Fort | Pics

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US vice president JD Vance, wife Usha and kids visit Jaipur’s iconic Amber Fort | Pics

US Vice President JD Vance, his wife Usha Vance, and their children visited the historical Amer Fort in Jaipur on April 22, 2025. The Vance family received a warm welcome at the Fort, where they were greeted with a traditional Rajasthani dance performance and elegantly decorated elephants. Second Lady Usha Vance, the wife of US vice president JD Vance, carries her daughter Mirabel as they watch a cultural performance at the Amber Fort in Jaipur.

Rajasthan CM Bhajanlal Sharma welcomed the Vance family as they visited the historic Amer Fort in Jaipur. The Vance family will depart for the US early Thursday morning. In related news, JD Vance and wife Usha attended Good Friday service at St. Peter’s Basilica in Vatican City. Vance also visited the Taj Mahal in Agra on April 23, 2025. Vance said that “good progress.

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In other news, Pope Francis’ funeral is set to start on Wednesday, and the J&K tourist hub has been completely shut today. On 4/20, celebrations across the US highlight cannabis culture and calls for legalization had been made towards a trade deal with India after meeting with “tough negotiator” Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi. The Vance family visited.

On April 22, 2025, US Vice President JD Vance, accompanied by his wife Usha Vance, and their three children, visited Jaipur’s historic Amber Fort. The family received a warm welcome, highlighted by traditional Rajasthani folk performances and a red carpet reception. As they entered the fort’s main courtyard, Jaleb Chowk, they were greeted by two elegantly decorated elephants named Chanda and Mala, raising their trunks in greeting. ​

During their visit, the Vances were joined by Rajasthan Chief Minister Bhajanlal Sharma and Deputy Chief Minister Diya Kumari, who guided them through the fort’s rich history and architectural marvels. The family also enjoyed cultural performances featuring traditional dances such as Kacchi Ghodi, Ghoomar, and Kalbeliya, offering a glimpse into the vibrant.

Usha Vance, dressed in a chic white shirt and patterned skirt, explored the fort alongside her family and dignitaries, embracing the cultural experience culture of Rajasthan This visit was part of Vice President Vance’s four-day official trip to India, aimed at strengthening bilateral relations between the United States and India. The Vance family departed for Washington.

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Bhajanlal Sharma welcomed the Vance family as they visited the historic Amer from Jaipur on April 24, concluding their cultural tour of India Upon their arrival at Amber Fort, the Vance family was greeted with traditional Rajasthani hospitality. Two elegantly decorated elephants, Chanda and Pushpa, adorned with silver ornaments, were stationed at the entrance welcome.

The family was also treated to a cultural performance featuring folk artists dressed in traditional Rajputi and Kalbelia attire, accompanied by musicians playing regional instruments. The vibrant rangolis and the overall festive atmosphere highlighted the rich cultural tapestry of Rajasthan The fort’s impressive courtyards and majestic structures.

Exploring the Fort’s Historical Significance

During their tour of Amber Fort, the Vance family explored various architectural marvels, including the Sheesh Mahal (Mirror Palace), known for its intricate mirror work and stunning design. They were accompanied by Rajasthan Chief Minister Bhajanlal Sharma and Deputy Chief Minister Diya Kumari, who provided insights into the fort’s history and significance.​

Engaging with Local Culture

Throughout their visit, Vice President Vance demonstrated a keen interest in engaging with The Vance family’s visit to Amber Fort was part local culture. He interacted with the folk artists and expressed appreciation for the traditional performances, reflecting a genuine curiosity and respect for India’s diverse cultural heritage.​

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