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Increased risk of premature birth and underweight babies associated with racial discrimination

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Increased risk of premature birth and underweight babies associated with racial discrimination

Having an underweight and premature baby is linked to having encountered racial discrimination based on ethnicity, skin colour, or nationality, according to a pooled data analysis of the available evidence.

The research’s findings were disseminated in the journal “BMJ Global Health.”

According to the researchers, the study strengthens the body of evidence showing that racial discrimination increases the risk of negative health outcomes.

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Race has been acknowledged as a social determinant of health and a risk factor for many diseases for a number of years. The evidence is mounting that upstream social, environmental, economic, and political factors are the primary causes of health inequities and that racism, not race, is frequently the underlying issue.

For instance, maternal mortality rates in the USA are 2-3 times higher for Black and Indigenous women than for White women. Similar disparities exist between Black and Asian women’s maternal mortality rates and White women’s maternal mortality rates in the UK.

The researchers searched eight electronic databases for pertinent studies on self-reported race discrimination and premature birth (before 37 weeks), low birth weight, and high blood pressure associated with pregnancy that had been published up to January 2022 in order to explore the patterns of racial disparities in pregnancy outcomes.

The final analysis included the findings from 24 studies overall, with an average of 39 to 9470 participants per study. The majority (20) of studies were conducted in

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Participants in the study came from a variety of racial and ethnic backgrounds, including Black or African Americans, Hispanics, non-Hispanic Whites, Maoris, Pacific Islanders, Asians, Aboriginals, Romanis, native Germans, and Turks.

The analysis of pooled data revealed that for all the outcomes examined, racial discrimination was linked to a higher risk of preterm birth and having a baby that was small for gestational age.

Premature birth rates were predicted to be 40% more common overall. The odds of premature birth were decreased but remained 31% higher when low-quality studies were excluded. And while not statistically significant, the overall odds of a small-for-gestational-age baby were estimated to be 23 per cent higher.

When additional analyses of a few chosen data were conducted, similar outcomes were attained.

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The majority of the studies included in the pooled data analysis were based in the USA and included few other marginalised racial or ethnic groups besides African Americans. The researchers also acknowledge that many of the studies were of low quality. They might not therefore be more broadly applicable to other racial and cultural groups.

However, they note that their findings “align with existing evidence on perceived racial discrimination as an important risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes.”

They say: “Racism permeates people’s daily lives and has profound effects on the experiences of people who are racialized. It influences other social determinants of health like employment, poverty, education, and housing as an upstream factor.

The availability of services and resources, such as referrals to specialised care, access to health insurance, and use of public health services, can be impacted by racism, which is more directly related to health.

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The researchers emphasise a number of strategies, including the necessity of bettering clinician training, to address how racism affects health outcomes.

They propose that this can be accomplished by “universally removing well-documented examples of racial bias that continue to perpetuate health inequities.”

This includes the absence of instruction on dermatology and the various disease manifestations in non-White people, the unreliability of pulse oximetry technology, unjustified racial adjustments to renal function measurement, and insufficient instruction on personal biases and the social causes of health inequities.

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Thug Life Movie Review & Release Live Updates: Kamal Haasan’s Bold New Venture – Is it the Hit We Expected?

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Thug Life Movie Review & Release Live Updates: Kamal Haasan’s Bold New Venture – Is it the Hit We Expected?

Kamal Haasan’s Bold New Venture

Kamal Haasan, the versatile legend of Indian cinema, is back on the big screen with his latest thriller, Thug Life. After weeks of anticipation and a gripping promotional campaign, fans have eagerly awaited the release of this high-octane action drama. The movie, directed by debutant director Arvind Rao, promises to showcase Haasan in a never-before-seen avatar, leading to sky-high expectations. So, does Thug Life live up to the hype? In this blog, we bring you an in-depth review of the film, along with live updates from the first-day box office response. Is Thug Life the next blockbuster hit Kamal Haasan fans have been waiting for?

A Thrilling First Look: What’s Thug Life All About?
At its core, Thug Life is an action-packed thriller that explores the lives of notorious criminals, their complex relationships with law enforcement, and the grey areas of morality. Kamal Haasan plays Vikram Singh, a larger-than-life anti-hero with a troubled past who finds himself caught between the law and the underworld. The film also stars an ensemble cast, including the brilliant actress Simran, who plays a key role as Vikram’s moral compass.

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From the first teaser, it’s clear that Thug Life is set against the backdrop of a gritty urban world, filled with explosive action sequences, intense drama, and gripping twists. The film promises to delve deep into themes of justice, vengeance, and personal redemption. Kamal’s performance, combined with the intriguing premise, has set the stage for a grand theatrical release.

Plot and Direction: The Power of Storytelling
Thug Life is crafted in a fast-paced manner, with suspense building at every corner. The screenplay is written in a way that constantly keeps the audience on edge, making them question the true intentions of the characters. The film’s direction by Arvind Rao has been appreciated for its bold approach in showcasing complex characters and real-world dilemmas.

Kamal Haasan, known for his ability to transform into any character, does not disappoint here. He brings his unparalleled experience to the table, portraying a character who walks the thin line between good and evil. His performance is undoubtedly one of the highlights of the film.

Simran’s portrayal of Maya, a fierce and intelligent woman who challenges Vikram’s decisions, complements Haasan’s character beautifully. Their chemistry on screen elevates the emotional stakes, making the action sequences more impactful.

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Is the Action Worth the Hype?
The action sequences in Thug Life are nothing short of spectacular. From high-speed chases to hand-to-hand combat, the film delivers thrills on every front. The choreography, especially in the fight scenes, stands out for its fluidity and precision. Kamal Haasan, known for his commitment to physical transformation, performs many of the stunts himself, showcasing his dedication to the craft.

One of the standout moments is a tense sequence set in an abandoned warehouse where Vikram faces off against a group of armed criminals. The scene is intense, and the cinematography captures the chaos and confusion, making it a thrilling experience.

Music & Sound Design: A Powerful Impact
The film’s music, composed by the talented Anirudh Ravichander, perfectly complements the high-octane action and dramatic moments. Tracks like “Thug Life Anthem” and “Vikram’s Vengeance” have already started to trend on music platforms, and it’s easy to see why. The music amplifies the tension and excitement, enhancing the overall cinematic experience.

The sound design deserves special mention. Whether it’s the ominous hum during a quiet moment or the deafening roar during action sequences, the sound elevates the tension and immerses the audience in the world of Thug Life.

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Live Box Office Updates: A Promising Start
As the clock strikes midnight, audiences flock to theaters for the first showings of Thug Life. Early reviews on social media are buzzing with excitement, praising Kamal Haasan’s return to form and the gripping narrative. The film’s powerful action sequences and engaging storyline seem to have hit the right chord with fans.

Box office analysts predict a solid opening for Thug Life. With strong pre-release bookings, particularly in Chennai, Mumbai, and Bengaluru, the film is set for a roaring start. Kamal Haasan’s massive fan base is ensuring long lines at theaters, with advance bookings already sold out in several locations.

Reports from the first-day collections are already rolling in, and the numbers look promising. It’s expected that Thug Life will gross over ₹15 crore on its opening day, making it one of the highest openings for Kamal Haasan in recent years.

The Verdict: Is Thug Life Impressive?
Without a doubt, Thug Life is a powerful cinematic experience that showcases Kamal Haasan in peak form. The film succeeds in offering a gripping storyline, memorable characters, and a stellar performance from its lead. The action sequences and emotional depth set it apart from typical masala entertainers, and its themes resonate with today’s audience.

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While the plot may feel familiar to those who have watched similar thrillers, Thug Life distinguishes itself with its sharp direction, compelling performances, and high-quality production values. If you’re a fan of action films with emotional depth, this is a movie you won’t want to miss.

Rating: 4/5 – A must-watch for Kamal Haasan fans and action movie lovers alike.

Live Updates: Is Thug Life Making Waves?
10:00 AM – First Show Starts:
The first show has begun! Fans are already praising Kamal Haasan’s power-packed performance. Social media is flooded with reactions as people seem impressed with the intense action sequences.

12:30 PM – Early Box Office Numbers:
Thug Life is seeing a great response at the box office. Early reports show packed theaters in Chennai, Hyderabad, and Bengaluru. Looks like Kamal Haasan is in for a hit!

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3:00 PM – Social Media Buzz:
The film’s action and Kamal Haasan’s performance are trending on Twitter and Instagram. Fans are calling it his best role in years. Many are also impressed with the music by Anirudh.

6:00 PM – Fan Reactions:
The film continues to dominate social media as fans share videos from theaters. There’s a lot of love for the film’s emotional depth, making it clear that Thug Life is a crowd favorite.

Final Thoughts:
With such a fantastic opening, Thug Life looks set to make waves at the box office. Kamal Haasan’s stellar performance and the film’s impressive direction ensure that this thriller is more than just a typical action flick – it’s a cinematic experience.

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