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Explained: Why Tonga volcano eruption was so big and what’s next

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Explained: Why Tonga volcano eruption was so big and what’s next

People around the world watched in awe at satellite images of spectacular underwater volcanoes erupting in giant mushroom clouds in the Pacific Ocean. Many wondered why the explosion was so large, how the resulting tsunami traveled so far, and what happened next. Shane Cronin, a New Zealand scientist and professor of volcanology at the University of Auckland, and Emily Lane, a tsunami expert at the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, helped explain. explosive but brief

Saturday’s eruption was incredibly explosive, but also relatively short-lived. The plume rose more than 30 kilometers (19 miles) into the air, but the eruption only lasted about 10 minutes, unlike some larger eruptions that can last for hours. Cronin said Hunga Tonga’s Hungaha Apai eruption was one of the largest in the world in the past 30 years, with heights of ash, steam and gas comparable to the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo. Philippines, killing hundreds.

Why is it so big?

The magma inside the volcano is under enormous pressure and contains gas. Cracks in the rock can cause a sudden drop in pressure that expands the gas and blasts the magma. Cronin said the crater is located about 200 meters (650 feet) below the surface of the sea, a kind of Goldilocks depth for a big bang, where sea water pours into the volcano and turns into steam immediately, adding to the explosion’s rapid expansion and energy. Anything Both deeper and extra water pressure will help control the eruption. Farflung Tsunami

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To the surprise of many scientists, a single eruption could have produced a Pacific tsunami of about 1 meter (3 feet) that destroyed ships in New Zealand and caused an oil spill and two drownings in Peru. Oceanwide tsunamis are typically triggered by earthquakes that span large areas, rather than a single volcano, essentially a small point in the ocean, Lane said. She said there may be other factors at play, such as the collapse of the volcano’s underwater flank and displacing water. One interesting theory, she said, is that a shock wave, or sonic boom, from the volcano, which circled the world twice, may have injected more energy into the tsunami wave.

Complete News Source : Hindustan Times

Haryana

Delhi Weather and AQI Today: Warm start at 22.05 °C, check weather forecast for October 22, 2024

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Delhi Weather and AQI Today: Warm start at 22.05 °C, check weather forecast for October 22, 2024

Check the weather forecast and air quality updates for Delhi on October 22, 2024 here.

The temperature in Delhi today, on October 22, 2024, is 32.93 °C. The day’s forecast indicates a minimum and maximum temperature of 22.05 °C and 35.04 °C, respectively. The relative humidity is 26% and the wind speed is 26 km/h. The sun rose at 06:26 AM and will set at 05:44 PM.

Tomorrow, on Wednesday, October 23, 2024, Delhi is predicted to experience a minimum and maximum temperature of 27.42 °C and 34.91 °C, respectively. Tomorrow humidity levels will be at 20%.

With temperatures ranging between 22.05 °C and 35.04 °C, prepare for a hot day and plan outdoor activities accordingly. If you are sensitive to heat, take note of the weather forecast and consider appropriate attire and activities suitable for the prevailing weather.

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The AQI in Delhi today stands at 334.0, falling in the very poor category. Everyone should be cautious. Children and people with respiratory diseases, such as asthma, should stay indoors and others should also limit their outdoor activities. Usage of masks and air purifying devices is advised. Being aware of the AQI helps one make informed decisions regarding one’s overall well-being while planning the day’s activities.

Weather and AQI predictions in Delhi for next 7 days:

DateTemperatureSky
October 23, 202432.93 °CSky is clear
October 24, 202432.69 °CSky is clear
October 25, 202432.5 °CSky is clear
October 26, 202432.07 °CSky is clear
October 27, 202430.69 °CSky is clear
October 28, 202431.29 °CSky is clear
October 29, 202432.09 °CSky is clear

Weather in other cities on October 22, 2024

CityTemperatureSky
Mumbai28.35 °CLight rain
Kolkata28.84 °CSky is clear
Chennai28.94 °CLight rain
Bengaluru25.53 °CModerate rain
Hyderabad27.75 °CModerate rain
Ahmedabad31.9 °CSky is clear
Delhi32.93 °CSky is clear

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